Overactive bladder or OAB is a problem characterized by a sudden and uncontrollable urge to urinate. Many times, OAB may also lead to urine incontinence, i.e., unintentional loss of urine. This is a big problem that may cause social embarrassment to people. But thankfully, OAB can be managed with some simple treatment options. Typically, doctors suggest a combination of treatment strategies to relieve the symptoms of OAB. Here are some of the most effective treatment options for overactive bladder.

1. Behavioral therapies
Behavioral therapies are generally the first choice for managing the symptoms of overactive bladder. They are often quite effective and have no side effects at all. The most common behavioral intervention includes performing Kegel exercises that strengthen the pelvic floor muscles and the urinary sphincter. This helps to prevent involuntary contractions. Some doctors also suggest behavioral therapies like biofeedback to reinforce the pelvic muscles. Apart from that, intermittent catheterization, absorbent pads, and bladder training are also helpful treatment options for overactive bladder.

2. Medications
Vaginal estrogen therapy is a great way to strengthen the tissues and muscles in the vaginal area. It relaxes the symptoms of overactive bladder and reduces the episodes of urge incontinence. Additionally, medications also help treat OAB. They are available in the form of tablets, creams, and rings. However, medications carry certain side effects, including dry mouth and dry eyes. It may also cause constipation. Many doctors recommend sipping small amounts of water and using eye drops to relieve the side effects. For constipation, the intake of a fiber-rich diet or use of stool softeners is recommended.

3. Bladder injections
OnabotulinumtoxinA is a protein that is injected in small amounts into the bladder tissue. This helps relax the bladder muscles. According to reports, this is one of the best treatment options for overactive bladder. It also helps treat people who suffer from episodes of severe incontinence. The most common side effects of this include urinary retention and urinary tract infections. In such cases, catheterization becomes necessary.

4. Nerve stimulation
Regulating the nerve impulses that give a signal to your bladder can also help treat OAB. It is a minimally invasive process that uses a small wire placed next to the sacral nerves that carry the signals to the bladder. The doctor uses a hand-held device connected to the wire to send electrical impulses to the bladder. If this helps to manage the symptoms, a permanent pulse generator is surgically implanted in the body.

5. Surgery
This is often the last resort and only used when no other treatment options prove to be effective. There are two kinds of surgeries that are typically performed: surgery to increase bladder capacity and bladder removal.

These are some of the most effective treatment options for overactive bladder. After closely evaluating your condition, your doctor will determine the best treatment option for you.